fix: 修复 OpenAI WS 用量窗口刷新与限额纠偏

backend/internal/service/account_test_service.go

@@ -408,6 +408,16 @@ func (s *AccountTestService) testOpenAIAccountConnection(c *gin.Context, account
 
 	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
 		body, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+		if isOAuth && s.accountRepo != nil {
+			if updates, err := extractOpenAICodexProbeUpdates(resp); err == nil && len(updates) > 0 {
+				_ = s.accountRepo.UpdateExtra(ctx, account.ID, updates)
+				mergeAccountExtra(account, updates)
+			}
+			if resetAt := (&RateLimitService{}).calculateOpenAI429ResetTime(resp.Header); resetAt != nil {
+				_ = s.accountRepo.SetRateLimited(ctx, account.ID, *resetAt)
+				account.RateLimitResetAt = resetAt
+			}
+		}
 		return s.sendErrorAndEnd(c, fmt.Sprintf("API returned %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, string(body)))
 	}
 

backend/internal/service/account_test_service_openai_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+//go:build unit
+
+package service
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"net/http"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+type openAIAccountTestRepo struct {
+	mockAccountRepoForGemini
+	updatedExtra  map[string]any
+	rateLimitedID int64
+	rateLimitedAt *time.Time
+}
+
+func (r *openAIAccountTestRepo) UpdateExtra(_ context.Context, _ int64, updates map[string]any) error {
+	r.updatedExtra = updates
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *openAIAccountTestRepo) SetRateLimited(_ context.Context, id int64, resetAt time.Time) error {
+	r.rateLimitedID = id
+	r.rateLimitedAt = &resetAt
+	return nil
+}
+
+func TestAccountTestService_OpenAI429PersistsSnapshotAndRateLimit(t *testing.T) {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+	ctx, _ := newSoraTestContext()
+
+	resp := newJSONResponse(http.StatusTooManyRequests, `{"error":{"type":"usage_limit_reached","message":"limit reached"}}`)
+	resp.Header.Set("x-codex-primary-used-percent", "100")
+	resp.Header.Set("x-codex-primary-reset-after-seconds", "604800")
+	resp.Header.Set("x-codex-primary-window-minutes", "10080")
+	resp.Header.Set("x-codex-secondary-used-percent", "100")
+	resp.Header.Set("x-codex-secondary-reset-after-seconds", "18000")
+	resp.Header.Set("x-codex-secondary-window-minutes", "300")
+
+	repo := &openAIAccountTestRepo{}
+	upstream := &queuedHTTPUpstream{responses: []*http.Response{resp}}
+	svc := &AccountTestService{accountRepo: repo, httpUpstream: upstream}
+	account := &Account{
+		ID:          88,
+		Platform:    PlatformOpenAI,
+		Type:        AccountTypeOAuth,
+		Concurrency: 1,
+		Credentials: map[string]any{"access_token": "test-token"},
+	}
+
+	err := svc.testOpenAIAccountConnection(ctx, account, "gpt-5.4")
+	require.Error(t, err)
+	require.NotEmpty(t, repo.updatedExtra)
+	require.Equal(t, 100.0, repo.updatedExtra["codex_5h_used_percent"])
+	require.Equal(t, int64(88), repo.rateLimitedID)
+	require.NotNil(t, repo.rateLimitedAt)
+	require.NotNil(t, account.RateLimitResetAt)
+	if account.RateLimitResetAt != nil && repo.rateLimitedAt != nil {
+		require.WithinDuration(t, *repo.rateLimitedAt, *account.RateLimitResetAt, time.Second)
+	}
+}

backend/internal/service/account_usage_service.go

@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ func (s *AccountUsageService) getOpenAIUsage(ctx context.Context, account *Accou
 		usage.SevenDay = progress
 	}
 
-	if (usage.FiveHour == nil || usage.SevenDay == nil) && s.shouldProbeOpenAICodexSnapshot(account.ID, now) {
+	if shouldRefreshOpenAICodexSnapshot(account, usage, now) && s.shouldProbeOpenAICodexSnapshot(account.ID, now) {
 		if updates, err := s.probeOpenAICodexSnapshot(ctx, account); err == nil && len(updates) > 0 {
 			mergeAccountExtra(account, updates)
 			if usage.UpdatedAt == nil {
@@ -409,6 +409,40 @@ func (s *AccountUsageService) getOpenAIUsage(ctx context.Context, account *Accou
 	return usage, nil
 }
 
+func shouldRefreshOpenAICodexSnapshot(account *Account, usage *UsageInfo, now time.Time) bool {
+	if account == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if usage == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	if usage.FiveHour == nil || usage.SevenDay == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	if account.IsRateLimited() {
+		return true
+	}
+	return isOpenAICodexSnapshotStale(account, now)
+}
+
+func isOpenAICodexSnapshotStale(account *Account, now time.Time) bool {
+	if account == nil || !account.IsOpenAIOAuth() || !account.IsOpenAIResponsesWebSocketV2Enabled() {
+		return false
+	}
+	if account.Extra == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	raw, ok := account.Extra["codex_usage_updated_at"]
+	if !ok {
+		return true
+	}
+	ts, err := parseTime(fmt.Sprint(raw))
+	if err != nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	return now.Sub(ts) >= openAIProbeCacheTTL
+}
+
 func (s *AccountUsageService) shouldProbeOpenAICodexSnapshot(accountID int64, now time.Time) bool {
 	if s == nil || s.cache == nil || accountID <= 0 {
 		return true
@@ -478,20 +512,34 @@ func (s *AccountUsageService) probeOpenAICodexSnapshot(ctx context.Context, acco
 	}
 	defer func() { _ = resp.Body.Close() }()
 
-	if resp.StatusCode < 200 || resp.StatusCode >= 300 {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("openai codex probe returned status %d", resp.StatusCode)
+	updates, err := extractOpenAICodexProbeUpdates(resp)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if len(updates) > 0 {
+		go func(accountID int64, updates map[string]any) {
+			updateCtx, updateCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
+			defer updateCancel()
+			_ = s.accountRepo.UpdateExtra(updateCtx, accountID, updates)
+		}(account.ID, updates)
+		return updates, nil
+	}
+	return nil, nil
+}
+
+func extractOpenAICodexProbeUpdates(resp *http.Response) (map[string]any, error) {
+	if resp == nil {
+		return nil, nil
 	}
 	if snapshot := ParseCodexRateLimitHeaders(resp.Header); snapshot != nil {
 		updates := buildCodexUsageExtraUpdates(snapshot, time.Now())
 		if len(updates) > 0 {
-			go func(accountID int64, updates map[string]any) {
-				updateCtx, updateCancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
-				defer updateCancel()
-				_ = s.accountRepo.UpdateExtra(updateCtx, accountID, updates)
-			}(account.ID, updates)
 			return updates, nil
 		}
 	}
+	if resp.StatusCode < 200 || resp.StatusCode >= 300 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("openai codex probe returned status %d", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
 	return nil, nil
 }
 

backend/internal/service/account_usage_service_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+package service
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func TestShouldRefreshOpenAICodexSnapshot(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	rateLimitedUntil := time.Now().Add(5 * time.Minute)
+	now := time.Now()
+	usage := &UsageInfo{
+		FiveHour: &UsageProgress{Utilization: 0},
+		SevenDay: &UsageProgress{Utilization: 0},
+	}
+
+	if !shouldRefreshOpenAICodexSnapshot(&Account{RateLimitResetAt: &rateLimitedUntil}, usage, now) {
+		t.Fatal("expected rate-limited account to force codex snapshot refresh")
+	}
+
+	if shouldRefreshOpenAICodexSnapshot(&Account{}, usage, now) {
+		t.Fatal("expected complete non-rate-limited usage to skip codex snapshot refresh")
+	}
+
+	if !shouldRefreshOpenAICodexSnapshot(&Account{}, &UsageInfo{FiveHour: nil, SevenDay: &UsageProgress{}}, now) {
+		t.Fatal("expected missing 5h snapshot to require refresh")
+	}
+
+	staleAt := now.Add(-(openAIProbeCacheTTL + time.Minute)).Format(time.RFC3339)
+	if !shouldRefreshOpenAICodexSnapshot(&Account{
+		Platform: PlatformOpenAI,
+		Type:     AccountTypeOAuth,
+		Extra: map[string]any{
+			"openai_oauth_responses_websockets_v2_enabled": true,
+			"codex_usage_updated_at":                       staleAt,
+		},
+	}, usage, now) {
+		t.Fatal("expected stale ws snapshot to trigger refresh")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestExtractOpenAICodexProbeUpdatesAccepts429WithCodexHeaders(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	headers := make(http.Header)
+	headers.Set("x-codex-primary-used-percent", "100")
+	headers.Set("x-codex-primary-reset-after-seconds", "604800")
+	headers.Set("x-codex-primary-window-minutes", "10080")
+	headers.Set("x-codex-secondary-used-percent", "100")
+	headers.Set("x-codex-secondary-reset-after-seconds", "18000")
+	headers.Set("x-codex-secondary-window-minutes", "300")
+
+	updates, err := extractOpenAICodexProbeUpdates(&http.Response{StatusCode: http.StatusTooManyRequests, Header: headers})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("extractOpenAICodexProbeUpdates() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(updates) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("expected codex probe updates from 429 headers")
+	}
+	if got := updates["codex_5h_used_percent"]; got != 100.0 {
+		t.Fatalf("codex_5h_used_percent = %v, want 100", got)
+	}
+	if got := updates["codex_7d_used_percent"]; got != 100.0 {
+		t.Fatalf("codex_7d_used_percent = %v, want 100", got)
+	}
+}

backend/internal/service/ratelimit_service.go

@@ -615,6 +615,7 @@ func (s *RateLimitService) handleCustomErrorCode(ctx context.Context, account *A
 func (s *RateLimitService) handle429(ctx context.Context, account *Account, headers http.Header, responseBody []byte) {
 	// 1. OpenAI 平台：优先尝试解析 x-codex-* 响应头（用于 rate_limit_exceeded）
 	if account.Platform == PlatformOpenAI {
+		s.persistOpenAICodexSnapshot(ctx, account, headers)
 		if resetAt := s.calculateOpenAI429ResetTime(headers); resetAt != nil {
 			if err := s.accountRepo.SetRateLimited(ctx, account.ID, *resetAt); err != nil {
 				slog.Warn("rate_limit_set_failed", "account_id", account.ID, "error", err)
@@ -878,6 +879,23 @@ func pickSooner(a, b *time.Time) *time.Time {
 	}
 }
 
+func (s *RateLimitService) persistOpenAICodexSnapshot(ctx context.Context, account *Account, headers http.Header) {
+	if s == nil || s.accountRepo == nil || account == nil || headers == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	snapshot := ParseCodexRateLimitHeaders(headers)
+	if snapshot == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	updates := buildCodexUsageExtraUpdates(snapshot, time.Now())
+	if len(updates) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	if err := s.accountRepo.UpdateExtra(ctx, account.ID, updates); err != nil {
+		slog.Warn("openai_codex_snapshot_persist_failed", "account_id", account.ID, "error", err)
+	}
+}
+
 // parseOpenAIRateLimitResetTime 解析 OpenAI 格式的 429 响应，返回重置时间的 Unix 时间戳
 // OpenAI 的 usage_limit_reached 错误格式：
 //

backend/internal/service/ratelimit_service_openai_test.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package service
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"net/http"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
@@ -141,6 +142,51 @@ func TestCalculateOpenAI429ResetTime_ReversedWindowOrder(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+type openAI429SnapshotRepo struct {
+	mockAccountRepoForGemini
+	rateLimitedID int64
+	updatedExtra  map[string]any
+}
+
+func (r *openAI429SnapshotRepo) SetRateLimited(_ context.Context, id int64, _ time.Time) error {
+	r.rateLimitedID = id
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *openAI429SnapshotRepo) UpdateExtra(_ context.Context, _ int64, updates map[string]any) error {
+	r.updatedExtra = updates
+	return nil
+}
+
+func TestHandle429_OpenAIPersistsCodexSnapshotImmediately(t *testing.T) {
+	repo := &openAI429SnapshotRepo{}
+	svc := NewRateLimitService(repo, nil, nil, nil, nil)
+	account := &Account{ID: 123, Platform: PlatformOpenAI, Type: AccountTypeOAuth}
+
+	headers := http.Header{}
+	headers.Set("x-codex-primary-used-percent", "100")
+	headers.Set("x-codex-primary-reset-after-seconds", "604800")
+	headers.Set("x-codex-primary-window-minutes", "10080")
+	headers.Set("x-codex-secondary-used-percent", "100")
+	headers.Set("x-codex-secondary-reset-after-seconds", "18000")
+	headers.Set("x-codex-secondary-window-minutes", "300")
+
+	svc.handle429(context.Background(), account, headers, nil)
+
+	if repo.rateLimitedID != account.ID {
+		t.Fatalf("rateLimitedID = %d, want %d", repo.rateLimitedID, account.ID)
+	}
+	if len(repo.updatedExtra) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("expected codex snapshot to be persisted on 429")
+	}
+	if got := repo.updatedExtra["codex_5h_used_percent"]; got != 100.0 {
+		t.Fatalf("codex_5h_used_percent = %v, want 100", got)
+	}
+	if got := repo.updatedExtra["codex_7d_used_percent"]; got != 100.0 {
+		t.Fatalf("codex_7d_used_percent = %v, want 100", got)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestNormalizedCodexLimits(t *testing.T) {
 	// Test the Normalize() method directly
 	pUsed := 100.0

frontend/src/components/account/AccountUsageCell.vue

@@ -69,9 +69,39 @@
       <div v-else class="text-xs text-gray-400">-</div>
     </template>
 
-    <!-- OpenAI OAuth accounts: show Codex usage from extra field -->
+    <!-- OpenAI OAuth accounts: prefer fresh usage query for active rate-limited rows -->
     <template v-else-if="account.platform === 'openai' && account.type === 'oauth'">
-      <div v-if="hasCodexUsage" class="space-y-1">
+      <div v-if="preferFetchedOpenAIUsage" class="space-y-1">
+        <UsageProgressBar
+          v-if="usageInfo?.five_hour"
+          label="5h"
+          :utilization="usageInfo.five_hour.utilization"
+          :resets-at="usageInfo.five_hour.resets_at"
+          :window-stats="usageInfo.five_hour.window_stats"
+          color="indigo"
+        />
+        <UsageProgressBar
+          v-if="usageInfo?.seven_day"
+          label="7d"
+          :utilization="usageInfo.seven_day.utilization"
+          :resets-at="usageInfo.seven_day.resets_at"
+          :window-stats="usageInfo.seven_day.window_stats"
+          color="emerald"
+        />
+      </div>
+      <div v-else-if="isActiveOpenAIRateLimited && loading" class="space-y-1.5">
+        <div class="flex items-center gap-1">
+          <div class="h-3 w-[32px] animate-pulse rounded bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-700"></div>
+          <div class="h-1.5 w-8 animate-pulse rounded-full bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-700"></div>
+          <div class="h-3 w-[32px] animate-pulse rounded bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-700"></div>
+        </div>
+        <div class="flex items-center gap-1">
+          <div class="h-3 w-[32px] animate-pulse rounded bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-700"></div>
+          <div class="h-1.5 w-8 animate-pulse rounded-full bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-700"></div>
+          <div class="h-3 w-[32px] animate-pulse rounded bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-700"></div>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+      <div v-else-if="hasCodexUsage" class="space-y-1">
         <!-- 5h Window -->
         <UsageProgressBar
           v-if="codex5hUsedPercent !== null"
@@ -308,10 +338,11 @@
 </template>
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
-import { ref, computed, onMounted } from 'vue'
+import { ref, computed, onMounted, watch } from 'vue'
 import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
 import { adminAPI } from '@/api/admin'
 import type { Account, AccountUsageInfo, GeminiCredentials, WindowStats } from '@/types'
+import { buildOpenAIUsageRefreshKey } from '@/utils/accountUsageRefresh'
 import { resolveCodexUsageWindow } from '@/utils/codexUsage'
 import UsageProgressBar from './UsageProgressBar.vue'
 import AccountQuotaInfo from './AccountQuotaInfo.vue'
@@ -373,6 +404,26 @@ const hasOpenAIUsageFallback = computed(() => {
   return !!usageInfo.value?.five_hour || !!usageInfo.value?.seven_day
 })
 
+const isActiveOpenAIRateLimited = computed(() => {
+  if (props.account.platform !== 'openai' || props.account.type !== 'oauth') return false
+  if (!props.account.rate_limit_reset_at) return false
+  const resetAt = Date.parse(props.account.rate_limit_reset_at)
+  return !Number.isNaN(resetAt) && resetAt > Date.now()
+})
+
+const preferFetchedOpenAIUsage = computed(() => {
+  return isActiveOpenAIRateLimited.value && hasOpenAIUsageFallback.value
+})
+
+const openAIUsageRefreshKey = computed(() => buildOpenAIUsageRefreshKey(props.account))
+
+const shouldAutoLoadUsageOnMount = computed(() => {
+  if (props.account.platform === 'openai' && props.account.type === 'oauth') {
+    return isActiveOpenAIRateLimited.value || !hasCodexUsage.value
+  }
+  return shouldFetchUsage.value
+})
+
 const codex5hUsedPercent = computed(() => codex5hWindow.value.usedPercent)
 const codex5hResetAt = computed(() => codex5hWindow.value.resetAt)
 const codex7dUsedPercent = computed(() => codex7dWindow.value.usedPercent)
@@ -749,6 +800,17 @@ const loadUsage = async () => {
 }
 
 onMounted(() => {
+  if (!shouldAutoLoadUsageOnMount.value) return
   loadUsage()
 })
+
+watch(openAIUsageRefreshKey, (nextKey, prevKey) => {
+  if (!prevKey || nextKey === prevKey) return
+  if (props.account.platform !== 'openai' || props.account.type !== 'oauth') return
+  if (!isActiveOpenAIRateLimited.value && hasCodexUsage.value) return
+
+  loadUsage().catch((e) => {
+    console.error('Failed to refresh OpenAI usage:', e)
+  })
+})
 </script>

frontend/src/components/account/UsageProgressBar.vue

@@ -1,30 +1,5 @@
 <template>
   <div>
-    <!-- Window stats row (above progress bar, left-right aligned with progress bar) -->
-    <div
-      v-if="windowStats"
-      class="mb-0.5 flex items-center justify-between"
-      :title="statsTitle || t('admin.accounts.usageWindow.statsTitle')"
-    >
-      <div
-        class="flex cursor-help items-center gap-1.5 text-[9px] text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400"
-      >
-        <span class="rounded bg-gray-100 px-1.5 py-0.5 dark:bg-gray-800">
-          {{ formatRequests }} req
-        </span>
-        <span class="rounded bg-gray-100 px-1.5 py-0.5 dark:bg-gray-800">
-          {{ formatTokens }}
-        </span>
-        <span class="rounded bg-gray-100 px-1.5 py-0.5 dark:bg-gray-800"> A ${{ formatAccountCost }} </span>
-        <span
-          v-if="windowStats?.user_cost != null"
-          class="rounded bg-gray-100 px-1.5 py-0.5 dark:bg-gray-800"
-        >
-          U ${{ formatUserCost }}
-        </span>
-      </div>
-    </div>
-
     <!-- Progress bar row -->
     <div class="flex items-center gap-1">
       <!-- Label badge (fixed width for alignment) -->
@@ -57,7 +32,6 @@
 
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import { computed } from 'vue'
-import { useI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
 import type { WindowStats } from '@/types'
 
 const props = defineProps<{
@@ -66,11 +40,8 @@ const props = defineProps<{
   resetsAt?: string | null
   color: 'indigo' | 'emerald' | 'purple' | 'amber'
   windowStats?: WindowStats | null
-  statsTitle?: string
 }>()
 
-const { t } = useI18n()
-
 // Label background colors
 const labelClass = computed(() => {
   const colors = {
@@ -117,12 +88,12 @@ const displayPercent = computed(() => {
 
 // Format reset time
 const formatResetTime = computed(() => {
-  if (!props.resetsAt) return t('common.notAvailable')
+  if (!props.resetsAt) return '-'
   const date = new Date(props.resetsAt)
   const now = new Date()
   const diffMs = date.getTime() - now.getTime()
 
-  if (diffMs <= 0) return t('common.now')
+  if (diffMs <= 0) return '现在'
 
   const diffHours = Math.floor(diffMs / (1000 * 60 * 60))
   const diffMins = Math.floor((diffMs % (1000 * 60 * 60)) / (1000 * 60))
@@ -137,31 +108,4 @@ const formatResetTime = computed(() => {
   }
 })
 
-// Format window stats
-const formatRequests = computed(() => {
-  if (!props.windowStats) return ''
-  const r = props.windowStats.requests
-  if (r >= 1000000) return `${(r / 1000000).toFixed(1)}M`
-  if (r >= 1000) return `${(r / 1000).toFixed(1)}K`
-  return r.toString()
-})
-
-const formatTokens = computed(() => {
-  if (!props.windowStats) return ''
-  const t = props.windowStats.tokens
-  if (t >= 1000000000) return `${(t / 1000000000).toFixed(1)}B`
-  if (t >= 1000000) return `${(t / 1000000).toFixed(1)}M`
-  if (t >= 1000) return `${(t / 1000).toFixed(1)}K`
-  return t.toString()
-})
-
-const formatAccountCost = computed(() => {
-  if (!props.windowStats) return '0.00'
-  return props.windowStats.cost.toFixed(2)
-})
-
-const formatUserCost = computed(() => {
-  if (!props.windowStats || props.windowStats.user_cost == null) return '0.00'
-  return props.windowStats.user_cost.toFixed(2)
-})
 </script>

frontend/src/components/account/__tests__/AccountUsageCell.spec.ts

@@ -68,6 +68,40 @@ describe('AccountUsageCell', () => {
     expect(wrapper.text()).toContain('admin.accounts.usageWindow.gemini3Image|70|2026-03-01T09:00:00Z')
   })
 
+
+  it('OpenAI OAuth 有现成快照且未限额时不会首屏请求 usage', async () => {
+    const wrapper = mount(AccountUsageCell, {
+      props: {
+        account: {
+          id: 2001,
+          platform: 'openai',
+          type: 'oauth',
+          extra: {
+            codex_5h_used_percent: 12,
+            codex_5h_reset_at: '2099-03-07T12:00:00Z',
+            codex_7d_used_percent: 34,
+            codex_7d_reset_at: '2099-03-13T12:00:00Z'
+          }
+        } as any
+      },
+      global: {
+        stubs: {
+          UsageProgressBar: {
+            props: ['label', 'utilization', 'resetsAt', 'windowStats', 'color'],
+            template: '<div class="usage-bar">{{ label }}|{{ utilization }}</div>'
+          },
+          AccountQuotaInfo: true
+        }
+      }
+    })
+
+    await flushPromises()
+
+    expect(getUsage).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    expect(wrapper.text()).toContain('5h|12')
+    expect(wrapper.text()).toContain('7d|34')
+  })
+
   it('OpenAI OAuth 在无 codex 快照时会回退显示 usage 接口窗口', async () => {
 	getUsage.mockResolvedValue({
 	  five_hour: {
@@ -122,4 +156,137 @@ describe('AccountUsageCell', () => {
 	expect(wrapper.text()).toContain('5h|0|27700')
 	expect(wrapper.text()).toContain('7d|0|27700')
   })
+
+  it('OpenAI OAuth 在行数据刷新但仍无 codex 快照时会重新拉取 usage', async () => {
+	getUsage
+	  .mockResolvedValueOnce({
+	    five_hour: {
+	      utilization: 0,
+	      resets_at: null,
+	      remaining_seconds: 0,
+	      window_stats: {
+	        requests: 1,
+	        tokens: 100,
+	        cost: 0.01,
+	        standard_cost: 0.01,
+	        user_cost: 0.01
+	      }
+	    },
+	    seven_day: null
+	  })
+	  .mockResolvedValueOnce({
+	    five_hour: {
+	      utilization: 0,
+	      resets_at: null,
+	      remaining_seconds: 0,
+	      window_stats: {
+	        requests: 2,
+	        tokens: 200,
+	        cost: 0.02,
+	        standard_cost: 0.02,
+	        user_cost: 0.02
+	      }
+	    },
+	    seven_day: null
+	  })
+
+	const wrapper = mount(AccountUsageCell, {
+	  props: {
+	    account: {
+	      id: 2003,
+	      platform: 'openai',
+	      type: 'oauth',
+	      updated_at: '2026-03-07T10:00:00Z',
+	      extra: {}
+	    } as any
+	  },
+	  global: {
+	    stubs: {
+	      UsageProgressBar: {
+	        props: ['label', 'utilization', 'resetsAt', 'windowStats', 'color'],
+	        template: '<div class="usage-bar">{{ label }}|{{ utilization }}|{{ windowStats?.tokens }}</div>'
+	      },
+	      AccountQuotaInfo: true
+	    }
+	  }
+	})
+
+	await flushPromises()
+	expect(wrapper.text()).toContain('5h|0|100')
+	expect(getUsage).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+
+	await wrapper.setProps({
+	  account: {
+	    id: 2003,
+	    platform: 'openai',
+	    type: 'oauth',
+	    updated_at: '2026-03-07T10:01:00Z',
+	    extra: {}
+	  }
+	})
+
+	await flushPromises()
+	expect(getUsage).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2)
+	expect(wrapper.text()).toContain('5h|0|200')
+  })
+
+  it('OpenAI OAuth 已限额时首屏优先展示重新查询后的 usage，而不是旧 codex 快照', async () => {
+	getUsage.mockResolvedValue({
+	  five_hour: {
+	    utilization: 100,
+	    resets_at: '2026-03-07T12:00:00Z',
+	    remaining_seconds: 3600,
+	    window_stats: {
+	      requests: 211,
+	      tokens: 106540000,
+	      cost: 38.13,
+	      standard_cost: 38.13,
+	      user_cost: 38.13
+	    }
+	  },
+	  seven_day: {
+	    utilization: 100,
+	    resets_at: '2026-03-13T12:00:00Z',
+	    remaining_seconds: 3600,
+	    window_stats: {
+	      requests: 211,
+	      tokens: 106540000,
+	      cost: 38.13,
+	      standard_cost: 38.13,
+	      user_cost: 38.13
+	    }
+	  }
+	})
+
+	const wrapper = mount(AccountUsageCell, {
+	  props: {
+	    account: {
+	      id: 2004,
+	      platform: 'openai',
+	      type: 'oauth',
+	      rate_limit_reset_at: '2099-03-07T12:00:00Z',
+	      extra: {
+	        codex_5h_used_percent: 0,
+	        codex_7d_used_percent: 0
+	      }
+	    } as any
+	  },
+	  global: {
+	    stubs: {
+	      UsageProgressBar: {
+	        props: ['label', 'utilization', 'resetsAt', 'windowStats', 'color'],
+	        template: '<div class="usage-bar">{{ label }}|{{ utilization }}|{{ windowStats?.tokens }}</div>'
+	      },
+	      AccountQuotaInfo: true
+	    }
+	  }
+	})
+
+	await flushPromises()
+
+	expect(getUsage).toHaveBeenCalledWith(2004)
+	expect(wrapper.text()).toContain('5h|100|106540000')
+	expect(wrapper.text()).toContain('7d|100|106540000')
+	expect(wrapper.text()).not.toContain('5h|0|')
+  })
 })

frontend/src/utils/__tests__/accountUsageRefresh.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import { buildOpenAIUsageRefreshKey } from '../accountUsageRefresh'
+
+describe('buildOpenAIUsageRefreshKey', () => {
+  it('会在 codex 快照变化时生成不同 key', () => {
+    const base = {
+      id: 1,
+      platform: 'openai',
+      type: 'oauth',
+      updated_at: '2026-03-07T10:00:00Z',
+      extra: {
+        codex_usage_updated_at: '2026-03-07T10:00:00Z',
+        codex_5h_used_percent: 0,
+        codex_7d_used_percent: 0
+      }
+    } as any
+
+    const next = {
+      ...base,
+      extra: {
+        ...base.extra,
+        codex_usage_updated_at: '2026-03-07T10:01:00Z',
+        codex_5h_used_percent: 100
+      }
+    }
+
+    expect(buildOpenAIUsageRefreshKey(base)).not.toBe(buildOpenAIUsageRefreshKey(next))
+  })
+
+  it('非 OpenAI OAuth 账号返回空 key', () => {
+    expect(buildOpenAIUsageRefreshKey({
+      id: 2,
+      platform: 'anthropic',
+      type: 'oauth',
+      updated_at: '2026-03-07T10:00:00Z',
+      extra: {}
+    } as any)).toBe('')
+  })
+})

frontend/src/utils/accountUsageRefresh.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+import type { Account } from '@/types'
+
+const normalizeUsageRefreshValue = (value: unknown): string => {
+  if (value == null) return ''
+  return String(value)
+}
+
+export const buildOpenAIUsageRefreshKey = (account: Pick<Account, 'id' | 'platform' | 'type' | 'updated_at' | 'rate_limit_reset_at' | 'extra'>): string => {
+  if (account.platform !== 'openai' || account.type !== 'oauth') {
+    return ''
+  }
+
+  const extra = account.extra ?? {}
+  return [
+    account.id,
+    account.updated_at,
+    account.rate_limit_reset_at,
+    extra.codex_usage_updated_at,
+    extra.codex_5h_used_percent,
+    extra.codex_5h_reset_at,
+    extra.codex_5h_reset_after_seconds,
+    extra.codex_5h_window_minutes,
+    extra.codex_7d_used_percent,
+    extra.codex_7d_reset_at,
+    extra.codex_7d_reset_after_seconds,
+    extra.codex_7d_window_minutes
+  ].map(normalizeUsageRefreshValue).join('|')
+}

frontend/src/views/admin/AccountsView.vue

@@ -309,6 +309,7 @@ import AccountCapacityCell from '@/components/account/AccountCapacityCell.vue'
 import PlatformTypeBadge from '@/components/common/PlatformTypeBadge.vue'
 import Icon from '@/components/icons/Icon.vue'
 import ErrorPassthroughRulesModal from '@/components/admin/ErrorPassthroughRulesModal.vue'
+import { buildOpenAIUsageRefreshKey } from '@/utils/accountUsageRefresh'
 import { formatDateTime, formatRelativeTime } from '@/utils/format'
 import type { Account, AccountPlatform, AccountType, Proxy, AdminGroup, WindowStats, ClaudeModel } from '@/types'
 
@@ -651,7 +652,8 @@ const shouldReplaceAutoRefreshRow = (current: Account, next: Account) => {
     current.status !== next.status ||
     current.rate_limit_reset_at !== next.rate_limit_reset_at ||
     current.overload_until !== next.overload_until ||
-    current.temp_unschedulable_until !== next.temp_unschedulable_until
+    current.temp_unschedulable_until !== next.temp_unschedulable_until ||
+    buildOpenAIUsageRefreshKey(current) !== buildOpenAIUsageRefreshKey(next)
   )
 }