547 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
547 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
# 抖音App技术架构文档
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## 1. 架构设计
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### 1.1 整体架构
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```mermaid
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graph TD
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A[用户设备] --> B[React Native App]
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B --> C[API Gateway]
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C --> D[用户服务]
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C --> E[内容服务]
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C --> F[推荐服务]
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C --> G[直播服务]
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C --> H[消息服务]
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D --> I[用户数据库]
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E --> J[内容存储]
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F --> K[推荐引擎]
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G --> L[直播CDN]
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H --> M[消息队列]
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subgraph "客户端层"
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B
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end
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subgraph "服务层"
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C
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D
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E
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F
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G
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H
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end
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subgraph "数据层"
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I
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J
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K
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L
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M
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end
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```
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### 1.2 客户端架构
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```mermaid
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graph TD
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A[React Native] --> B[Redux Store]
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A --> C[React Navigation]
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A --> D[Native Modules]
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B --> E[用户状态]
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B --> F[内容状态]
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B --> G[UI状态]
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D --> H[相机模块]
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D --> I[音视频处理]
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D --> J[推送通知]
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D --> K[本地存储]
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subgraph "状态管理"
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B
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E
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F
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G
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end
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subgraph "原生功能"
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D
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H
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I
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J
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K
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end
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```
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## 2. 技术栈描述
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### 2.1 前端技术栈
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- **跨平台框架**: React Native 0.72 + TypeScript 5.0
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- **状态管理**: Redux Toolkit + RTK Query
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- **导航**: React Navigation 6.0
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- **UI组件**: React Native Elements + 自定义组件库
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- **动画**: React Native Reanimated 3.0
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- **手势**: React Native Gesture Handler
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- **视频播放**: react-native-video 6.0
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- **相机**: react-native-vision-camera 3.0
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- **图片处理**: react-native-fast-image
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### 2.2 后端技术栈
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- **API网关**: Kong Gateway
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- **用户服务**: Node.js + Express + TypeScript
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- **内容服务**: Node.js + Express + TypeScript
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- **推荐服务**: Python + FastAPI + TensorFlow
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- **直播服务**: Node.js + WebRTC + FFmpeg
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- **消息服务**: Node.js + Socket.io + Redis
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- **数据库**: PostgreSQL 14 + Redis 7.0
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- **文件存储**: AWS S3 + CDN
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### 2.3 基础设施
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- **容器化**: Docker + Kubernetes
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- **CI/CD**: GitLab CI + ArgoCD
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- **监控**: Prometheus + Grafana
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- **日志**: ELK Stack (Elasticsearch + Logstash + Kibana)
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- **错误追踪**: Sentry
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- **性能监控**: New Relic
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## 3. 路由定义
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### 3.1 应用内路由
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| 路由 | 页面组件 | 说明 |
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|------|----------|------|
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| / | HomeScreen | 首页推荐页 |
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| /following | FollowingScreen | 关注页 |
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| /create | CreateScreen | 创作页 |
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| /inbox | InboxScreen | 消息页 |
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| /profile | ProfileScreen | 个人主页 |
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| /discover | DiscoverScreen | 发现页 |
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| /live | LiveScreen | 直播页 |
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| /video/:id | VideoDetailScreen | 视频详情页 |
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| /user/:id | UserProfileScreen | 用户主页 |
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| /search | SearchScreen | 搜索页 |
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| /settings | SettingsScreen | 设置页 |
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| /camera | CameraScreen | 拍摄页 |
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| /editor | EditorScreen | 视频编辑页 |
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| /publish | PublishScreen | 发布页 |
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| /login | LoginScreen | 登录页 |
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| /register | RegisterScreen | 注册页 |
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### 3.2 嵌套路由结构
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```
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TabNavigator
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├── HomeStack
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│ ├── HomeScreen
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│ ├── VideoDetailScreen
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│ └── UserProfileScreen
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├── FollowingStack
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│ └── FollowingScreen
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├── CreateStack
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│ ├── CameraScreen
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│ ├── EditorScreen
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│ └── PublishScreen
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├── InboxStack
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│ ├── InboxScreen
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│ └── ChatScreen
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└── ProfileStack
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├── ProfileScreen
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├── SettingsScreen
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└── EditProfileScreen
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```
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## 4. API定义
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### 4.1 用户相关API
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#### 用户注册
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```
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POST /api/auth/register
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```
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请求参数：
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| 参数名 | 类型 | 必需 | 描述 |
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|--------|------|------|------|
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| phone | string | 是 | 手机号 |
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| password | string | 是 | 密码 |
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| verificationCode | string | 是 | 验证码 |
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| nickname | string | 是 | 昵称 |
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响应示例：
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```json
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{
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"code": 200,
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"message": "success",
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"data": {
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"userId": "123456",
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"token": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9...",
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"refreshToken": "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9..."
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}
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}
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```
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#### 用户登录
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```
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POST /api/auth/login
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```
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请求参数：
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| 参数名 | 类型 | 必需 | 描述 |
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|--------|------|------|------|
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| phone | string | 是 | 手机号 |
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| password | string | 是 | 密码 |
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#### 获取用户信息
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```
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GET /api/user/profile
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```
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请求头：
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```
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Authorization: Bearer {token}
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```
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响应示例：
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```json
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{
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"code": 200,
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"data": {
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"userId": "123456",
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"nickname": "用户名",
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"avatar": "https://example.com/avatar.jpg",
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"bio": "个人简介",
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"followerCount": 1000,
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"followingCount": 500,
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"likeCount": 5000,
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"videoCount": 50
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}
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}
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```
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### 4.2 内容相关API
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#### 获取推荐视频
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```
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GET /api/feed/recommend
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```
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请求参数：
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| 参数名 | 类型 | 必需 | 描述 |
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|--------|------|------|------|
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| page | number | 否 | 页码，默认1 |
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| limit | number | 否 | 每页数量，默认10 |
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| lastId | string | 否 | 最后一条视频ID |
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#### 上传视频
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```
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POST /api/video/upload
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```
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请求参数（FormData）：
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| 参数名 | 类型 | 必需 | 描述 |
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|--------|------|------|------|
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| video | file | 是 | 视频文件 |
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| cover | file | 是 | 封面图片 |
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| title | string | 是 | 视频标题 |
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| description | string | 否 | 视频描述 |
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| tags | array | 否 | 标签数组 |
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### 4.3 互动相关API
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#### 点赞视频
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```
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POST /api/video/:id/like
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```
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#### 评论视频
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```
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POST /api/video/:id/comment
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```
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请求参数：
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| 参数名 | 类型 | 必需 | 描述 |
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|--------|------|------|------|
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| content | string | 是 | 评论内容 |
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| parentId | string | 否 | 回复的评论ID |
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## 5. 服务器架构
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### 5.1 微服务架构图
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```mermaid
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graph TD
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A[API Gateway] --> B[Auth Service]
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A --> C[User Service]
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A --> D[Content Service]
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A --> E[Feed Service]
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A --> F[Live Service]
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A --> G[Message Service]
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B --> H[Redis Cache]
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C --> I[PostgreSQL]
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D --> J[Object Storage]
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E --> K[Recommendation Engine]
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F --> L[CDN Network]
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G --> M[Message Queue]
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subgraph "Gateway Layer"
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A
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end
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subgraph "Business Services"
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B
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C
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D
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E
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F
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G
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end
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subgraph "Data Layer"
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H
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I
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J
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K
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L
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M
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end
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```
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### 5.2 服务间通信
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- **同步通信**: HTTP/HTTPS + REST API
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- **异步通信**: Apache Kafka + RabbitMQ
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- **服务发现**: Consul + gRPC
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- **负载均衡**: Nginx + HAProxy
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## 6. 数据模型
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### 6.1 核心数据实体
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#### 用户实体
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```typescript
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interface User {
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id: string;
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phone: string;
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nickname: string;
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avatar: string;
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bio: string;
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gender: 'male' | 'female' | 'other';
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birthday: Date;
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location: string;
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followerCount: number;
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followingCount: number;
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likeCount: number;
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videoCount: number;
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isVerified: boolean;
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verifiedType: 'personal' | 'enterprise' | 'institution';
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level: number;
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experience: number;
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status: 'active' | 'inactive' | 'banned';
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createdAt: Date;
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updatedAt: Date;
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}
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```
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#### 视频实体
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```typescript
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interface Video {
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id: string;
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userId: string;
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title: string;
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description: string;
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videoUrl: string;
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coverUrl: string;
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duration: number;
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width: number;
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height: number;
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size: number;
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format: string;
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tags: string[];
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location: {
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address: string;
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latitude: number;
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longitude: number;
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};
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musicId: string;
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effects: string[];
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filters: string[];
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stickers: string[];
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visibility: 'public' | 'private' | 'friends';
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allowComment: boolean;
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allowDownload: boolean;
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viewCount: number;
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likeCount: number;
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commentCount: number;
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shareCount: number;
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downloadCount: number;
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status: 'processing' | 'published' | 'rejected' | 'deleted';
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moderationStatus: 'pending' | 'approved' | 'rejected';
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createdAt: Date;
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updatedAt: Date;
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publishedAt: Date;
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}
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```
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#### 互动实体
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```typescript
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interface Like {
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id: string;
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userId: string;
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videoId: string;
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createdAt: Date;
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}
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interface Comment {
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id: string;
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userId: string;
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videoId: string;
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parentId: string | null;
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content: string;
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likeCount: number;
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replyCount: number;
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status: 'active' | 'deleted';
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createdAt: Date;
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updatedAt: Date;
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}
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interface Follow {
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id: string;
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followerId: string;
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followingId: string;
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createdAt: Date;
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}
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```
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### 6.2 数据库设计
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#### 用户表
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE users (
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id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
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phone VARCHAR(20) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
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email VARCHAR(100),
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nickname VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
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avatar TEXT,
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bio TEXT,
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gender VARCHAR(10),
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birthday DATE,
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location VARCHAR(100),
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follower_count INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
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following_count INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
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like_count INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
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video_count INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
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is_verified BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
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verified_type VARCHAR(20),
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level INTEGER DEFAULT 1,
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experience INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
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status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'active',
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created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW(),
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updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW()
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);
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CREATE INDEX idx_users_phone ON users(phone);
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CREATE INDEX idx_users_nickname ON users(nickname);
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CREATE INDEX idx_users_status ON users(status);
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```
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#### 视频表
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE videos (
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id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
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user_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES users(id),
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title VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
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description TEXT,
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video_url TEXT NOT NULL,
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cover_url TEXT NOT NULL,
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duration INTEGER NOT NULL,
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width INTEGER NOT NULL,
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height INTEGER NOT NULL,
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size BIGINT NOT NULL,
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format VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
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tags TEXT[],
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location_address VARCHAR(200),
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location_latitude DECIMAL(10, 8),
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location_longitude DECIMAL(11, 8),
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music_id UUID,
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effects TEXT[],
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filters TEXT[],
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stickers TEXT[],
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visibility VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'public',
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allow_comment BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
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allow_download BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
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view_count INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
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like_count INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
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comment_count INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
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share_count INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
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download_count INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
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status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'processing',
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moderation_status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'pending',
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created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW(),
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updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW(),
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published_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE
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);
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CREATE INDEX idx_videos_user_id ON videos(user_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_videos_status ON videos(status);
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CREATE INDEX idx_videos_created_at ON videos(created_at DESC);
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CREATE INDEX idx_videos_published_at ON videos(published_at DESC);
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```
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## 7. 第三方服务集成
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### 7.1 云服务
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- **视频存储**: AWS S3 / 阿里云OSS
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- **CDN加速**: CloudFront / 阿里云CDN
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- **直播服务**: Agora / 腾讯云直播
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- **推送服务**: Firebase Cloud Messaging / 极光推送
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### 7.2 AI服务
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- **内容审核**: 阿里云内容安全 / 腾讯云天御
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- **人脸识别**: Face++ / 腾讯云人脸识别
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- **语音识别**: 科大讯飞 / 百度语音识别
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- **推荐算法**: 自研推荐引擎 + 机器学习平台
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### 7.3 支付服务
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- **应用内购买**: Apple App Store / Google Play
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- **第三方支付**: 支付宝 / 微信支付 / PayPal
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## 8. 部署和发布策略
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### 8.1 部署架构
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```mermaid
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graph TD
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A[Git Repository] --> B[CI/CD Pipeline]
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B --> C[Build Stage]
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B --> D[Test Stage]
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B --> E[Deploy Stage]
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C --> F[Docker Image]
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D --> G[Test Results]
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E --> H[Kubernetes Cluster]
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H --> I[Staging Environment]
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H --> J[Production Environment]
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I --> K[Integration Tests]
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J --> L[Monitoring & Alerting]
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```
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### 8.2 发布流程
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1. **开发阶段**: 功能开发 → 单元测试 → 代码审查
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2. **测试阶段**: 集成测试 → 性能测试 → 安全测试
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3. **灰度发布**: 5%用户 → 20%用户 → 50%用户 → 100%用户
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4. **监控回滚**: 实时监控 → 异常告警 → 快速回滚
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### 8.3 环境配置
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- **开发环境**: 本地开发 + 开发服务器
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- **测试环境**: 功能测试 + 集成测试
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- **预发布环境**: 生产数据副本 + 真实流量测试
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- **生产环境**: 多区域部署 + 负载均衡
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### 8.4 监控告警
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- **应用监控**: 错误率、响应时间、吞吐量
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- **基础设施监控**: CPU、内存、磁盘、网络
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- **业务指标监控**: 用户活跃度、内容发布量、互动数据
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- **告警机制**: 实时告警 + 分级处理 + 自动恢复
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### 8.5 备份策略
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- **数据备份**: 每日全量备份 + 实时增量备份
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- **灾备方案**: 异地多活 + 数据同步 + 故障切换
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- **恢复测试**: 定期演练 + 恢复时间验证 + 数据完整性检查 |